Elsevier Science is now publishing all manuscripts using electronic production methods, and therefore needs to receive the electronic files of article with the hardcopy of the accepted version. Below are some general points to enable us to use your files.

Always supply good quality originals of your artwork with the hardcopy of the manuscript, as we cannot guarantee the usability of electronic graphic files.

Electronic files can be submitted on floppy disk, CD or over the FTP (see ftp.elsevier.co.uk).

To help us:

1. Name your files using the correct extension, e.g. Fig1.cdr, tb1-6.xls, text.doc, fig1a.eps, fig1.tif, etc.

2. Save text on a separate disk from the graphics.

3. Please label all disks with your name, journal to be published in, software (e.g. Word 7, Adobe Illustrator 6.0), compression software if used, hardware used (e.g. Mac, PC) and file names.

4. It is essential that the electronic and hardcopy versions are identical. The hardcopy will be used as the definitive version of the article.

Text

We can accept most word-processing formats, (ideally Microsoft Word or WordPerfect). Please check the style of the individual journal to which the manuscript is to be submitted, particularly the reference style, so that fewer changes have to be made, thus reducing the possibility of errors being introduced. Most formatting codes will be removed or replaced on processing your article so there is no need for you to use excessive layout styling. In addition, do not use options such

as automatic word breaking, justified layout, double columns or automatic paragraph numbering (especially for numbered references). However do use bold face, italic, subscripts, superscripts etc.

When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, please use only one grid for each separate table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is being used, use tabs to align columns not spaces.

Please follow this order when you create your manuscript: Title, Authors, Affiliations, Abstract, Keywords, Main text, Acknowledgements, Appendix, References, Vitae, Figure Legends and then Tables. Do not import the Figures into the text file.

Graphics

Computer-generated illustrations and halftones/line/tones (either colour or black & white) are acceptable. (Note: most journals charge for colour printing, so check if it is really necessary and refer to individual journal instructions.) Since we cannot guarantee the usability of graphic files, original hardcopies of all illustrations must accompany the accepted printout of the manuscript in all cases.

The following points should be taken into consideration when preparing electronic graphic files:

TIFF, JPEG or EPS files are preferred. Suggested packages for line graphics are Adobe Illustrator (version 3.0 or above), Freehand and Corel Draw. Graphics made in WordPerfect or Word generally have too low a resolution. File of scanned line graphics can be accepted preferably at a resolution of 1000 dpi, for scanned halftones (300 dpi) and scanned line/tones (500 dpi).

Produce computer-generated graphics in greyscale if you require these to be published black and white, also where possible, supply the original halftones as they are to be reproduced (i.e. black and white or colour).

Colour should be scanned in at 300 dpi, (500 dpi for colour line/tones). With CMYK electronic files include a 4-colour machine or cromalin proof and check that all the separations (if provided) are colour coded.

Try to create your graphics near to the size they will be finally printed at by looking at previously published manuscripts. This will help with the lettering and resolution of your files, as the resolution will be lost if we have to enlarge a file and lettering may need re-keying if the file has to be reduced significantly. The final font size should be about 6-8 pt. Always use the standard Adobe set of fonts.

If it is necessary to compress your electronic files, please indicate the software used.

Please note that if any file proves to be unusable we reserve the right to publish your article from the hardcopy supplied.

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