Mechanisms underlying the retention of fuel species in tokamaks with carbon
plasma-facing components are presented, together with estimates for the
corresponding retention of tritium in ITER. The consequential requirement for
newand improved schemes to reduce the tritium inventory is highlighted and the
results of ongoing studies into a range of techniques are presented, together with
estimates of the tritium removal rate in ITER in each case. Finally, an approach
involving the integration of many tritium removal techniques into the ITER
operational schedule is proposed as a means to extend the period of operations
before major intervention is required. |